Labrador Retriever
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Description
The Labrador Retriever is a much-loved dog breed in The US, UK, and Canada. It's a friendly companion that shifted loyalty from a fisherman's helper to a hunter's helper. As a fisherman's helper, the Labrador Retriever earned its keep by retrieving fish.
Today, modern Labrador retrievers work as assistance dogs, as search and rescue dogs among others. Did you know that the Labrador Retriever is America's favorite breed for 28 years in a row? Did you also know that they are friendly and outgoing?
The modern Labrador Retriever has The following characteristics:
Medium-sized
Strong built
Short coupled
Well balanced body
Short and dense weather-resistant coat
Otter like tail
Clean cut head with broad back skull
Powerful jaws
Color - black, brown and yellow
Thanks to its well-balanced conformation, the breed is perfect for hunting and retrieving. Its also perfect for hunting waterfowl and ducks.
One of its special characteristics is The coat. Its short, straight and dense. The undercoat is weather-resistant providing protection to the Dog from cold, water and ground cover.
Apart from The coat, The other special characteristic is color. There are three Labrador colors: black, brown and yellow. Want to know more about The colors? Black is The original Labrador color and The most dominant. Both black and brown get their pigment from eumelanin. For yellow Labradors, they have a recessive gene hence The color yellow.
Taking Care of Your Labrador Retriever
To keep your Labrador Retriever happy, healthy and energetic, purchase a bed or crate for your dog. When it comes to feeding, do so twice a day. If it's a young pup, feed him or her three to four times a day. Always feed your Dog with high-quality commercial food. For picky eaters, add in extras.
Don't forget to wash your dog, his crate or bed and take him to The vet, regularly.
History
Labrador Retriever – Its Origins
To trace The roots of the Labrador retriever, We have to go back to The 16th century in Newfoundland.
According to historians, the Labrador Retriever originated in The 1500s in Newfoundland. Newfoundland is off The northeastern Atlantic coast of Canada. The Labrador Retriever was originally called the St. John's dog. It was named after The city of Newfoundland.
Their heritage is unknown but many people believe the St. John Dog interbred with other dogs. Specifically, the Newfoundland Dog and other local dogs.
St. John's Dog
The St. John's Dog was a short-haired breed. It had a coat that would repel water. As such, The dog breed could withstand The icy cold temperatures in Newfoundland. Unlike The long-haired local breeds which got weighed down by The ice on their coats, the Labrador Retriever was immune to this.
Apart from The breed's coat ability to repel water, The local fishermen fell in love with the Dog due to its loyalty. They also loved it for its hard-working behavior and loving temperament.
In Newfoundland, they earned their keep by helping fishermen. They helped to retrieve ropes, haul fishing nets and retrieve fish too. After a long day by The fishermen's side, they returned home to spend time with The fisherman's family.
Earl of Malmesbury and the St. John Dog
Around The 1700s and 1800s, outsiders began noticing The dog's good disposition and usefulness. The Englishmen began importing the breed to England where they served as retrievers for hunters. The first Englishman to import the breed to England was The second Earl of Malmesbury. He had the St. John Dog shipped to England in 1830s.
There was a reason why The second Earl of Malmesbury ordered The importation of The breed. In Dorset, The Earl became fascinated with The breed. This is after watching a St. John's Dog retrieve fish a fisherman had thrown from his boat.
After importing pure St. John dogs, he dedicated his breeding kennels to The breed. He began breeding them for duck hunting at his estate. A few years later, The Earl donated some of his St. John dogs to The 5th and 6th Duke of Buccleuch.
The Duke of Buccleuch began his now-famous Buccleuch breeding program back in The 1880s. This program is The true origin of The modern Labrador Retriever.
The first Englishman to refer to the breed as "Labrador" was The third Earl of Malmesbury. In a letter, The Earl wrote:
"We call mine the Labrador dogs and I have kept the breed as pure as I could…. The real breed has a close coat that turns water off like oil…above all, a tail like an otter."
The Close Extinction of the St. John's Dog in Newfoundland
Did you know that Labrador retriever/St. John Dog almost became extinct in The 1880s?
Well, thanks to The Englishmen, specifically The Malmesbury and other families, the breed got saved. It's believed that The extinction of the breed was due to government's tax and restriction laws.
The laws directed families to keep no more than one Dog to promote The raising of sheep. For families that owned a female Labrador retriever, they got taxed more. In fact, girl puppies were culled from The litter to reduce their numbers.
In England, a long term quarantine was in place. The quarantine prohibited The importation of animals since The government wanted to eradicate rabies.
Thanks to The Malmesbury family and others, the Labrador Retriever survived in England. Even though The family was able to acquire pure St. John dogs, The importing stock was severely limited. As such, the breed declined in numbers until it became extinct in The 1980s.
In 1903, England's Kennel Club recognized The Labs as a distinct breed. The American Kennel Club followed suit by recognizing the Labrador Retriever in 1917.
After The recognition, families in The US imported The breed. This happened in The 1920s and 1930s.
But, its popularity did not take off until after World War II
Colors
• Black
• Chocolate
• Yellow
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